In Albania’s patriarchal society, women are typically positioned in subordinate roles. The communist Party of Labor did much to emancipate women throughout a revolutionary marketing campaign within the late Sixties and early 1970s, however most of the gains of that social revolution have been reversed since the introduction of democracy and a free market financial system. Old traditions have revived, and despite authorized equality and acceptance in the workforce, women have a lot much less illustration in public life than they did beneath the former regime. The present president, Rexhep Meidani, is a former university professor from the ruling Socialist Party.
Among the few sectors of the financial system which might be doing well is the development trade. Domestic constructing materials are actually widely available on the local market and increasingly on foreign markets. The European Union is the main buying and selling partner, with Italy, Greece, and Germany leading in imports and exports.
This is particularly true in areas with mixed settlement patterns, the place ethnic groups usually are not separated by clear-minimize political borders. While ethnic relations between Albanians and Greeks alongside their common border have improved substantially over the past decade, that cannot be mentioned of relations between Albanians and their Slavic neighbors within the former Yugoslavia.
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Virtually all prewar Albanian literature was swept away by the political revolution that occurred throughout and after World War II. Most prewar writers and intellectuals who had not left the nation by 1944 regretted their choice to remain. The persecution of intellectuals and the break with nearly all cultural traditions created a literary and cultural vacuum that lasted until the Sixties and whose outcomes can still be felt.
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The nation is still reeling from the radical transformation from a socialist to a free market financial system, and commercial activity has not attained its potential. Virtually all the main industries went bankrupt and collapsed in the early Nineties when a free market economic system was introduced. Some mines, chrome in particular, are nonetheless in production, but most have stagnated underneath strain from foreign competitors.
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In Kosovo, the Albanian majority was lowered to the standing of an oppressed colonial people after the Serb conquest of the region firstly of the twentieth century. The open conflict that broke out in 1997 was, however, not initially one between Kosovo Albanians and Kosovo Serbs but between Kosovo Albanians and a hostile Serb regime in Belgrade. Relations between Albanians and Macedonians in the western a part of the Republic of Macedonia have been tense since the declaration of Macedonian independence and the downgrading of the standing of Albanians there to that of a “national minority.”
lowest caste consisted of once affluent farming families, the precommunist center class, and opponents of the regime. Many of those households had been sent to the countryside into internment or internal exile and were denied access to many professions and to schooling for their children. This caste system broke down with the fall of the communist regime and has been changed by a system where status is decided completely by wealth. Aside from agricultural output, Albania is a significant producer of chrome. There are also important deposits of copper and nickel and a few oil.
The authorities coalition, now beneath the leadership of Prime Minister Ilir Meta, is dominated by the Socialist Party. Former president Sali Berisha of the Democratic Party continues to lead the opposition. The Republic of Albania is a parliamentary republic with a democratic constitution that was promulgated in 1998. Political turmoil has continued for the reason that ousting of the authoritarian Berisha regime in 1997, and there is little sign of consensus or cooperation between the ruling and opposition parties.
Although most political events have methods for the additional privatization of industry and nonagricultural land, many issues stay. The Balkan peninsula is inhabited by a mess of ethnic groups, and relations among them have by no means been good. Exacerbated nationalism and age-old rivalry for territory and supremacy have all the time created ethnic pressure.
The national commerce deficit has been compensated to some extent by foreign exchange remittances from Albanian emigrants working abroad. Albania is a mountainous country with an especially high birthrate, and there is not sufficient farmland. Agriculture was reprivatized in the early Nineteen Nineties after the fall of the communist regime, and lots albanian women of properties have been returned to their former homeowners. Most families, nevertheless, obtained extraordinarily small plots barely large enough to outlive on. Property disputes are frequent and have been a significant reason for blood feuding.
